I solved this way. I found it on the xbox forums.
If you have multiple network adapters (Virtual and/or Physical), you should check if any of the others are considered active but do not provide an internet connection and disable them if they aren’t currently needed. Ideally disable any adapter that you do not need enabled at the time to ensure it uses the proper one.
On Windows 10 you can find this from “Settings” → “Network & Internet” → “Wi-Fi” or “Ethernet” (You can also get here by clicking “Network Settings” on the pop-up from the Network icon on the taskbar.)
Once there, scroll down, if necessary, to the “Related Settings” section and click “Change adapter options.”
Here you can enable and disable network adapters. Remember that if you disable your Wireless or LAN adapter and later want to switch to using it, you’ll need to go back and re-enable it.
That is what was causing my issue with the Xbox App not obtaining a Teredo address.
I have a couple different virtual adapters which are sometimes active but do not provide an internet connection and for whatever reason the Xbox App decides to try and use them instead of the active internet connection that it uses to get the friends list and everything else.